Direct air capture (DAC) 

A technology-based process that captures carbon dioxide (CO₂) directly from the atmosphere. DAC systems use chemical processes to extract CO₂, which can then be stored (e.g. in geological formations) or converted into solid minerals through mineralisation, ensuring permanent removal of the captured CO₂ from the atmosphere. CO₂ extracted using DAC can also be utilised for various applications, such as the production of synthetic fuels, bioplastics and other materials, although these uses do not always result in permanent carbon removal.